OUGD504- Design For Print

TERMINOLOGIES

Colour management:
Ensures the accuracy of colour reproduction between different equipment and processes in print production

Gamut:
RGB, CMYK and hexachrome (CMYKOG) are examples of gamuts. They describe how accurately particular systems can reproduce certain colours. RGB can only reproduce only 70% of human eye colours. If you select colours outside of the gamut then the closet colour to it will be automatically selected.

Colour profiles:
Are often pre-defined in relation to specific printing equipment and stock. Pre-set colour profiles differ on Photoshop, Illustrator and InDesign as they assume different print requirements for each package.

Coated/uncoated:
Paper coating provides a certain surface quality but can affect how ink is absorbed, how sharp the image will appear.

Process colour:
CMYK- in offset lithography colours are applied using the CMKY gamut applied using half-tone dots.

Spot colours:
Must be defined if a colour to be printed flies outside the working gamut system. They must be defined within the image file (swatches) and in any conversations with the printer. They can be defined through the Pantone colour system as a reference.

PRINTING AND ALIGNMENT

Lithography:
This printing process uses plates (one for each colour) and ink is applied on the basis that oil and water repeat each other. Ink from plates are 'offset' onto a rubber printing surface before being applied to the paper.

Web:
Ultra-high volume printing (newspaper) often onto huge rolls of paper. Often uses flexography (relief) or rotogravure (intaglio).

Black or 'registration' black:
In offset lithography, black is one plate in the printing process (the K of CMYK). Registration is a black achieved by printing all four plates.

Bleed:
Images must be printed beyond the margin limits to ensure that white edges don't appear after trimming.

Crop marks:
Communicate the trim regions.

FINISHES AND SPECIALIST TECHNIQUES

Tipped-in page:
A page that is printed separately but bound along with the other pages, can use different formats or different stock to the rest of the pages.

Tip-on:
Added content glued to a page or cover (membership card).

Duplexing:
Bounding 2 different stocks together.

Foil blocking:
Coloured foil is pressed into the stock using a foil stamp.

Embossing/debossing:
Raised surface vs indented surface.

Die cutting:
Design cut out of the surface using a metal die.

Laminate:
A plastic coating heat-sealed onto a stock to provide a crisp finish.

Varnish:
A colourless coating which can be applied similarly to spot colours. Varnish layers are often identified to the printer on a separate file using black to identify the varnish.

STANDARD BOOK FORMATS

The book size format is used to tell how many times it needs to be printed in that size.

TASK: cut out the various paper sizes to keep as a reference